Information Architecture

For example, a common design decision is whether interface controls should be dedicated, with a single function, or modal, with multiple functions. Dedicated controls are easier to label and learn, but can result in a larger number of options that can confuse or intimidate the consumer, not to mention clutter a minimal aesthetic. For instance, many clock-radios have buttons that change functionality based on the mode of use. The ”+” and ”-” buttons may be used for tuning frequencies in the radio mode, but to change the hours and minutes in time-setting mode. As a rule of thumb, the modal/multiple function user interface is more complex to learn and use, but is widely applied in situations where secondary tasks are done relatively infrequently - such as, arguably, changing the time of day setting on a alarm clock.

Heuristics like frequency of use are essential for effective interface design, but they can only take you so far as new functions and new interface capabilities arise. So how does one determine the appropriate design of user touch points for creating a clear user experience? A more appropriate question would be, how does one know which design, among several approaches, would be most clear to the majority of users? In practice, achieving the best user experience typically requires developing several user interface concept designs or prototypes of equal functional complexity by considering various control arrangements or interactions.

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